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点火电缆防火保护措施

日期:2021-07-12点击数:364赞数:0

点火电缆防火保护措施

点火电缆的广泛性、易燃性、火灾后的串延性和火灾后果的严重性使得电力工作者非常重视电缆的防火。但电缆火灾事故仍时有发生,事故后果严重。因此,仍有必要探讨电缆防火和电缆防火中存在的问题,以最经济的成本换取最有效的电缆防火成果。

Fire protection measures for ignition cables
The fire protection of the ignition cable is very important because of its wide range, flammability, string ductility after fire and the severity of fire consequences. However, cable fire accidents still occur frequently, and the consequences are serious. Therefore, it is still necessary to discuss the problems existing in cable fire prevention and cable fire prevention, and exchange the most effective results for the most economical cost.

电缆防火必须以防为主。
防止电缆着火是电缆防火的首要任务。点火电缆着火可能是由电缆本身的故障引起的,也可能是由于其他设备着火后串联到电缆上。实践证明,在电缆主通道中,电缆本身的故障最危险。

防止电缆自身故障着火。由于电缆内部绝缘缺陷、老化、潮湿、损坏等原因,电缆在运行中绝缘短路,短路电弧点燃电缆着火。为了防止电缆自身故障和着火,有效防止电缆受潮和损坏。一旦电缆绝缘不良,应及时发现并退出运行。

The fire prevention of cables must be mainly prevention.
It is the first task to prevent the cable from fire. Ignition cable ignition may be caused by the cable itself fault, or it may be caused by other equipment after fire to the cable. The practice shows that the fault of the cable itself is the most dangerous in the main channel of the cable.
Prevent the cable from fire due to its own failure. Due to the internal insulation defects, aging, humidity and damage of the cable, the cable is short-circuit in the operation, and the short-circuit arc ignites the cable to fire. In order to prevent the cable from failure and fire, effectively prevent the cable from being damp and damaged. Once the cable insulation is poor, it shall be found and withdrawn from operation in time..

1)保持点火电缆良好的运行环境是保证电缆长期安全运行的必要条件。自去年以来,两起电缆火灾事故主要是由于电缆运行环境恶劣造成的。那些电缆沟和电缆隧道让废水和废汽流入,排水不畅通;那些长期关闭电缆防火门或用防火隔板完全关闭电缆的做法,会影响电缆的通风散热。有些人为了美观,在创造达标时,将电缆沟盖板的缝隙全部填充、封闭,同样影响电缆的通风、散热、潮汽排放。此外,电缆完全封闭,不可能正常检查电缆。运行环境差会加速电缆绝缘的老化和损坏。影响电缆环境的上述问题应尽快整改。

1) It is necessary to keep the ignition cable in a good operating environment for a long time. Since last year, two cable fire accidents have been caused mainly by the poor operating environment of cables. Those cable trenches and cable tunnels allow waste water and waste steam to flow in and the drainage is not smooth; The way that the cable fire door is closed for a long time or the cable is completely closed with fire barrier will affect the ventilation and heat dissipation of the cable. Some people fill and close all the gaps of cable trench cover plate when they meet the standards in order to be beautiful, which also affects the ventilation, heat dissipation and steam discharge of cables. In addition, the cable is completely closed and it is impossible to check the cable normally. Poor operating environment will accelerate the aging and damage of cable insulation. The above problems affecting the cable environment shall be rectified as soon as possible..

点火电缆

2)确保电缆预防性试验的质量。点火电缆预防性试验必须严格按照《电力设备预防性试验规程》的要求进行。值得指出的是,不仅要看测试数据是否合格,还要对数据进行比较和分析。可与同一电缆的试验数据进行比较,也可与本电缆过去的试验数据进行比较,探索试验数据的变化规律。

比如DC耐压时,如果测得的泄漏电流值随着试验电压值的增加或加压时间的增加而迅速上升,或者与同一电缆相比,或者与历史上电缆测得的数据相比,或者三相之间的泄漏电流不平衡系数较大,则应仔细分析。如果是由于非试验方法不当造成的,可以适当提高试验电压或延长试验时间,判断电缆是否可以继续运行。去年,该省一家电厂因3kV电缆在电缆隧道内短路着火,在隧道内点燃了大量电缆。由于防火墙质量好,阻断了火灾的蔓延,没有造成更严重的后果。事故的主要原因是电缆预防性试验控制不严,只看试验数据合格,没有对试验数据进行比较分析,导致绝缘有缺陷的点火电缆继续运行。

2) Ensure the quality of cable preventive tests. The preventive test of ignition cable must be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of the preventive test code for power equipment. It is worth noting that not only depends on whether the test data is qualified, but also compares and analyzes the data. It can be compared with the test data of the same cable, or compared with the previous test data of the cable to explore the change rule of the test data.
For example, when DC voltage is under voltage, if the measured leakage current value increases rapidly with the increase of test voltage value or the increase of pressure time, or compared with the same cable, or compared with the data measured in the history of the cable, or the leakage current imbalance coefficient between three phases is relatively large, careful analysis shall be conducted. If it is caused by improper non test method, the test voltage can be increased or the test time prolonged to determine whether the cable can continue to operate. Last year, a provincial household appliance plant ignited a large number of cables in the tunnel because of a 3KV cable short circuit in the cable tunnel. Because of the good quality of firewall, the fire spread is blocked, and there is no more serious consequence. The main reason of the accident is that the cable preventive test is not strictly controlled, only the test data is qualified, and the test data is not compared and analyzed, which leads to the continuous operation of ignition cable with defective insulation..

3)加强电缆生产质量管理和运行中电缆头的监控管理。要严格控制电缆头的材料和工艺质量,使电缆头的使用寿命不低于电缆的使用寿命。但由于电缆头通常是现场手工制作,受现场条件和手工制作分散性的限制,一般来说,电缆头是电缆绝缘的薄弱环节,因此加强对电缆头的监控和管理是电缆防火的重要组成部分。终端电缆头不得放置在电缆沟、电缆隧道、电缆槽盒、电缆夹层中。对于电缆沟、电缆隧道、电缆槽盒、电缆夹层中的动力中间接头,必须加强监控( 使用远红外测温仪定期测温,国内电厂有采用数字温度传感技术和离子传感技术的电缆在线监控系统)。当发现电缆头有异常温升或气味和烟雾时,应尽快退出运行,以免点火电缆头在运行过程中着火。

3) Strengthen the quality management of cable production and the monitoring and management of cable head in operation. The material and process quality of cable head shall be strictly controlled so that the service life of cable head shall not be lower than that of cable. However, because the cable head is usually made by hand on site, and limited by the field conditions and the dispersion of manual production, generally speaking, cable head is the weak link of cable insulation, so strengthening the monitoring and management of cable head is an important part of cable fire prevention. The terminal cable head shall not be placed in cable trench, cable tunnel, cable tray box, cable interlayer. For the power intermediate joints in cable trench, cable tunnel, cable trough box and cable interlayer, the monitoring must be strengthened (it is better to use far-infrared thermometer to measure temperature regularly, and domestic power plants have cable online monitoring system with digital temperature sensing technology and ion sensing technology). When abnormal temperature rise or smell and smoke are found on the cable head, it is necessary to quit the operation as soon as possible to avoid ignition cable head from burning during operation.
Ignition cable

4)防止其他设备着火点燃电缆。充油电气设备和输煤、制粉系统、汽机油系统等可能引起电缆头着火。当这些设备和系统发生故障和火灾时,不能将火烧到附近的电缆上。因此,必须采取相应措施:充油电气设备附近的电缆沟盖板应密封,防止设备故障发生火灾时油流入电缆沟引燃电缆;输煤制粉系统附近电缆上的积粉应定期清洗,防止煤粉自燃引燃点火电缆。制粉系统防爆门对面的电缆应用防火槽盒包装,防止防爆门动作喷火引燃电缆;如果汽油系统漏油,当油滴入高温管道时,如果油侵入管道的保温材料,很可能会燃烧,所以汽油机头下的电缆应用防火槽盒包装。为了防止油系统漏油侵入保温材料,接触高温管道着火,必须包裹金属包皮等。今年,由于油系统漏油,油侵入高温管道保温材料,导致电缆着火。。

易燃物不能留在电缆沟、电缆隧道和电缆夹层中。电缆夹层的门必须加锁,不能随意进出。防止电缆因人为因素着火。


4) Prevent other equipment from ignition and ignition of cables. The electric equipment and coal handling system, pulverizing system and steam oil system may cause the cable head to fire. When these equipment and systems fail and fire, the fire cannot be burned to nearby cables. Therefore, corresponding measures must be taken: the cover plate of cable trench near the oil filled electrical equipment shall be sealed to prevent oil from flowing into the cable trench for ignition in case of fire in case of equipment failure; The accumulated powder on the cable near the coal conveying system shall be cleaned regularly to prevent the coal from self ignition and ignition cable. The cable opposite the explosion-proof door of powder production system shall be packed with fire-proof trough box to prevent the fire-proof door from acting as ignition cable; If the gasoline system leaks oil, when the oil drops into the high temperature pipeline, if the oil enters the insulation material of the pipeline, it is likely to burn. Therefore, the cable under the gasoline engine head shall be packed with fire-proof tank box. In order to prevent oil leakage from entering the insulation materials and contacting high temperature pipes for fire, metal coating must be wrapped. This year, due to oil leakage in oil system, oil intrusion into high temperature pipeline insulation materials, leading to cable fire..

Flammable materials shall not be left in cable trenches, cable tunnels and cable interlayer. The door of cable interlayer must be locked and can not be accessed at will. Prevent the cable from burning due to human factors..

二是防止点火电缆火灾延燃的措施。

防止电缆火灾燃烧的措施有很多:密封、堵塞、涂层、隔断、包装、喷水等。自去年以来,四川省五次电缆火灾都是防火墙、防火封堵,有效地防止了火灾的蔓延,实践证明,最经济有效的方法是封、堵、隔。大量使用涂料和包装的方法是不合适的。由于电缆大量涂装、包装,一是不经济,费时费力,二是对于紧排多根电缆难以保证涂装质量,而且涂装、包装材料时间长了容易失效。

Second, measures to prevent the fire of ignition cable from being delayed.

There are many measures to prevent cable fire and combustion: sealing, blocking, coating, partition, packaging, water spray, etc. Since last year, five cable fires in Sichuan Province have been firewall and fire-proof plugging, which effectively prevent the spread of fire. Practice has proved that the most economical and effective method is sealing, plugging and isolating. It is not appropriate to use paint and packaging in large quantities. Because of the large amount of coating and packaging of cables, one is not economical, time-consuming and laborious. The other is that it is difficult to ensure the coating quality for several cables in a tight line, and the coating and packaging materials are easy to fail for a long time.


本文内容摘常州宇捷新材料科技有限公司(http://yjxclkj.cn)是点火电缆公司,如需转载请标明出处。

Changzhou Yujie New Material Technology Co., Ltd. (http://yjxclkj.cn) is an ignition cable company. If you need to reprint, please indicate the source.

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